1. 产品概述 / 1. Product Overview

ZLX-ESP32-2 是一款基于 ESP32-C5-WROOM-1U-N8R8 模组的 2.8 英寸电阻式触摸屏开发板，集成彩色 LCD、XPT2046 触摸、microSD/TF 卡槽（仅提供卡槽，不附带 microSD/TF 卡）、GPS 接口、音频输出、电池电压检测、绿色 LED、BOOT/RESET 按键及外置天线接口。适合 Wi-Fi 6、Bluetooth LE、Zigbee/Thread、人机界面、数据记录及物联网应用开发。
ZLX-ESP32-2 is a 2.8-inch resistive-touch development board based on the ESP32-C5-WROOM-1U-N8R8 module. It integrates a color LCD, XPT2046 touch controller, a microSD/TF card slot (slot only; no microSD/TF card is included), GPS interface, audio output, battery-voltage sensing, green LED, BOOT/RESET buttons, and an external-antenna connector. It is suitable for Wi-Fi 6, Bluetooth LE, Zigbee/Thread, HMI, data logging, and IoT development.

主要特点 / Key Features

• ESP32-C5 32 位 RISC-V 单核处理器，最高 240 MHz / ESP32-C5 32-bit RISC-V single-core CPU, up to 240 MHz

• ESP32-C5-WROOM-1U-N8R8：8 MB Flash + 8 MB PSRAM（模组板载资源，不是 microSD/TF 卡） / ESP32-C5-WROOM-1U-N8R8: 8 MB Flash + 8 MB PSRAM (onboard module memory, not a microSD/TF card)

• 2.4 GHz + 5 GHz 双频 Wi-Fi 6（802.11ax） / 2.4 GHz + 5 GHz dual-band Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax)

• Bluetooth LE、IEEE 802.15.4、Zigbee 3.0、Thread 1.4 / Bluetooth LE, IEEE 802.15.4, Zigbee 3.0, Thread 1.4

• 2.8 英寸 240×320 LCD，ST7789 驱动，BGR 初始化，不开启反色 / 2.8-inch 240×320 LCD, ST7789 driver, BGR initialization, display inversion disabled

• XPT2046 电阻式触摸控制器 / XPT2046 resistive touch controller

• LCD 与 TF 卡共用 SPI 总线，独立 CS；触摸使用独立软件 SPI / LCD and TF card share SPI with separate CS; touch uses an independent software SPI

• 板卡尺寸约 86 mm × 50 mm / Board size approx. 86 mm × 50 mm

• IPEX1 外置天线接口；使用无线功能前需正确连接外置天线 / IPEX1 external antenna connector; connect a suitable external antenna before radio use

适用对象 / Intended Users

适用于嵌入式开发者、物联网开发者、创客、教学实验及产品原型设计。
For embedded developers, IoT developers, makers, education/lab use, and product prototyping.

2. 外观与尺寸 / 2. Appearance and Dimensions

板卡外形尺寸约为 86 mm × 50 mm。以下正反面图片用于识别屏幕、接口与主要器件。
The board outline is approximately 86 mm × 50 mm. The images below help identify the display, connectors, and major components.

图 1 正面与屏幕面尺寸示意 / Figure 1 Board front and display-side dimensions

接口标注 / Connector Identification

图 2 ZLX-ESP32-2 中英文接口标注 / Figure 2 Bilingual connector identification

3. 开发板规格 / 3. Board Specifications

说明 / Note: 屏幕原生分辨率为 240×320；当软件设置为横屏旋转时，逻辑显示尺寸可表现为 320×240。 / The panel native resolution is 240×320; in landscape rotation, the logical display size may be 320×240.

4. ESP32-C5-WROOM-1U-N8R8 模组参数 / 4. ESP32-C5-WROOM-1U-N8R8 Module Specifications

以下关键参数依据 Espressif 官方 ESP32-C5-WROOM-1 / WROOM-1U Datasheet v1.2。
The following key parameters are based on Espressif's official ESP32-C5-WROOM-1 / WROOM-1U Datasheet v1.2.

5. 显示与触摸 / 5. Display and Touch

LCD 参数 / LCD Parameters

触摸参数 / Touch Parameters

• 触摸类型：4 线电阻式触摸；控制器：XPT2046。 / Touch type: 4-wire resistive; controller: XPT2046.

• DOUT=GPIO3，SCK=GPIO4，DIN=GPIO5。 / DOUT=GPIO3, SCK=GPIO4, DIN=GPIO5.

• CS=GPIO23，IRQ=GPIO25。 / CS=GPIO23, IRQ=GPIO25.

• 触摸使用独立软件 SPI；检测工具流程标注为无需校准。 / Touch uses an independent software SPI; the supplied test flow is marked as requiring no calibration.

6. GPIO 映射 / 6. GPIO Mapping

以下映射来自随板提供的客户版 GPIO 电子表格并经原理图核对。板载外设使用 19 个普通 GPIO；TX0=GPIO11、RX0=GPIO12 另用于 UART0；N8R8 的 GPIO15 被 PSRAM 占用，因此 21 个可用 GPIO 已全部分配；EN 不计作 GPIO。
The mapping below is based on the supplied GPIO spreadsheet and cross-checked against the schematic. Board peripherals use 19 GPIOs; TX0=GPIO11 and RX0=GPIO12 are additionally used by UART0; GPIO15 is reserved by PSRAM on N8R8, so all 21 usable GPIOs are allocated; EN is not a GPIO.

系统与串口信号 / System and UART Signals

7. 接口与总线共用说明 / 7. Interface and Bus Sharing

SPI 共用注意事项 / SPI Sharing Notes

• LCD 与 TF 卡共用 GPIO6(SCK)、GPIO7(MOSI)、GPIO2(MISO)，但分别使用 GPIO10(LCD_CS) 与 GPIO27(SD_CS)。 / LCD and TF card share GPIO6 (SCK), GPIO7 (MOSI), and GPIO2 (MISO), but use GPIO10 (LCD_CS) and GPIO27 (SD_CS) respectively.

• 同一时刻只使能目标设备的 CS，避免多个器件同时选中导致总线冲突。 / Assert only the target device CS at a time to avoid bus contention.

• 触摸 XPT2046 使用独立软件 SPI，不与 LCD/TF 的主 SPI 时钟和 MOSI 共用。 / The XPT2046 touch controller uses an independent software SPI and does not share the main LCD/TF SCK/MOSI signals.

8. 检测功能对应 / 8. Functional Test Mapping

9. 接口与电气注意事项 / 9. Connector and Electrical Notes

电池接口 / Battery Connector

开发板提供 1.25 mm 2-Pin 3.7 V 单节电池接口。按标注图的观察方向，左侧为正极（+），右侧为负极（-）。如需电池供电，建议使用容量 1000–3000 mAh、带保护板（保护电路）的单节 3.7 V 锂离子/锂聚合物电池，并在连接前确认接口规格与正负极。反接可能损坏开发板。
The board provides a 1.25 mm 2-pin connector for a single-cell 3.7 V battery. In the orientation shown in the labeled image, the left pin is positive (+) and the right pin is negative (-). For battery-powered operation, use a protected single-cell 3.7 V Li-ion/LiPo battery; 1000–3000 mAh is recommended. Verify connector type and polarity before connection. Reverse polarity may damage the board.

GPIO1 通过 100 kΩ / 100 kΩ 分压网络检测电池电压，因此在理想情况下，实际电池电压约为 ADC 引脚电压的 2 倍。该功能仅用于电压估算，不是电量库仑计。
GPIO1 senses battery voltage through a 100 kΩ / 100 kΩ divider, so ideally the battery voltage is approximately 2× the ADC pin voltage. This is a voltage estimate only and is not a fuel-gauge/coulomb-counter measurement.

GPS 接口 / GPS Interface

GPS 使用 GPIO0 与 GPIO9 作为 UART 信号。GPIO0（GPSTX 命名）在该板定义中作为输入，连接 GPS 模块 TX；GPIO9（GPSRX 命名）作为输出，连接 GPS 模块 RX。1.25 mm 4-Pin 连接器的电源脚与实际针脚顺序请以对应硬件版本丝印/原理图为准。
GPS uses GPIO0 and GPIO9 as UART signals. In this board mapping, GPIO0 (named GPSTX) is an input connected to the GPS module TX, while GPIO9 (named GPSRX) is an output connected to the GPS module RX. For the 1.25 mm 4-pin connector power pins and exact physical pin order, follow the silkscreen/schematic of the specific hardware revision.

外置天线 / External Antenna

ESP32-C5-WROOM-1U 为外置天线版本。板上 IPEX1 接口需要连接与 2.4/5 GHz 频段匹配、阻抗为 50 Ω 的天线。请勿在未连接合适天线的情况下长时间进行高功率发射。
ESP32-C5-WROOM-1U is the external-antenna variant. Connect a suitable 2.4/5 GHz, 50-ohm antenna to the IPEX1 connector. Avoid prolonged high-power transmission without a proper antenna attached.

音频接口 / Audio Connector

音频输出由 GPIO8（AUDIOPWM）产生 PWM 信号，GPIO24（AMP_EN）控制功放使能；板上顶部为 2.0 mm 2-Pin 音频/扬声器接口。不同负载与音量设置请以实际功放电路能力为准。
Audio output uses GPIO8 (AUDIOPWM) for the PWM signal and GPIO24 (AMP_EN) for amplifier enable. The top connector is a 2.0 mm 2-pin audio/speaker connector. Use loads and volume settings within the capability of the actual amplifier circuit.

10. 软件开发与初始化建议 / 10. Software Development and Initialization Notes

• 显示驱动选择 ST7789，原生分辨率设为 240×320；横屏可根据所用图形库设置旋转为 320×240。 / Select ST7789 as the display driver and use 240×320 as the native resolution; set rotation for 320×240 landscape as supported by your graphics library.

• 颜色顺序使用 BGR；不要启用显示反色（INVON）。 / Use BGR color order; do not enable display inversion (INVON).

• LCD/TF 共用 SPI 时，初始化后分别管理 LCD_CS(GPIO10) 与 SD_CS(GPIO27)。 / When LCD and TF share SPI, manage LCD_CS (GPIO10) and SD_CS (GPIO27) independently after initialization.

• XPT2046 使用 GPIO3/4/5/23/25 的独立软件 SPI。 / XPT2046 uses an independent software SPI on GPIO3/4/5/23/25.

• 读取电池电压时，对 GPIO1 的 ADC 结果按约 2:1 分压比例换算，并结合 ADC 校准提高精度。 / For battery voltage, convert the GPIO1 ADC reading using the approximately 2:1 divider ratio and apply ADC calibration for better accuracy.

• Wi-Fi 5 GHz 可用信道和发射功率受所在国家/地区法规限制。 / Available 5 GHz Wi-Fi channels and transmit power depend on local regulations.

• BOOT/恢复出厂逻辑由固件决定；避免在运行中误触发造成配置被清除。 / BOOT/factory-restore behavior is firmware-defined; avoid unintended activation that may clear settings.

建议初始化顺序 / Suggested Initialization Sequence

1. 电源稳定后初始化系统与串口。
After power is stable, initialize the system and debug UART.

2. 初始化 LCD SPI，设置 ST7789、BGR、关闭反色，再打开背光。
Initialize LCD SPI; configure ST7789, BGR, inversion off, then enable backlight.

3. 初始化 XPT2046 触摸。
Initialize XPT2046 touch.

4. 如需使用存储功能，请先插入用户自备的兼容 microSD/TF 卡，再初始化，并确保 LCD_CS 与 SD_CS 状态正确。
If removable storage is required, insert a compatible user-supplied microSD/TF card, then initialize it and ensure correct LCD_CS/SD_CS states.

5. 按需求初始化 GPS、音频、LED、电池 ADC。
Initialize GPS, audio, LED, and battery ADC as needed.

6. 最后启用 Wi-Fi/BLE/802.15.4 无线功能。
Enable Wi-Fi/BLE/802.15.4 radio functions as required.

11. 常见问题排查 / 11. Troubleshooting

12. 资料下载与技术支持 / 12. Downloads and Technical Support

ZLX-ESP32-2 的固件、文件、后续资料和相关支持请优先访问 ZLX ESP32 开发板创客支援中心。刷写固件前请确认页面所列 PCB 型号与手中板卡完全一致。
For ZLX-ESP32-2 firmware, files, future documentation, and related support, use the ZLX ESP32 development-board support center. Before flashing firmware, confirm the PCB model shown on the website exactly matches your hardware.

资料下载 / Downloads: https://www.zlxchina.xyz/

Espressif module datasheet / 乐鑫模组规格书: ESP32-C5-WROOM-1 / WROOM-1U Datasheet

参考资料 / References

• ZLX ESP32 开发板创客支援中心 / ZLX ESP32 Development Board Support Center — https://www.zlxchina.xyz/

• Espressif ESP32-C5-WROOM-1 & WROOM-1U Datasheet v1.2 (2026-08-12) / Espressif ESP32-C5-WROOM-1 & WROOM-1U Datasheet v1.2 (2026-08-12) — https://espressif.com/documentation/esp32-c5-wroom-1_wroom-1u_datasheet_en.pdf

13. 使用与安全注意事项 / 13. Safety and Handling

• 连接电池前必须确认正负极，禁止反接。 / Verify battery polarity before connection; never reverse the battery connector.

• 插拔 IPEX 天线接头时保持垂直受力，避免侧向撬动造成射频座脱落。 / When mating/unmating the IPEX connector, apply force vertically and avoid sideways prying that may damage the RF socket.

• 开发板裸板使用时注意静电防护，避免金属物造成短路。 / Use ESD precautions with the bare board and prevent metal objects from causing shorts.

• 5 GHz 无线频段、信道和功率必须符合使用地区的法规。 / 5 GHz radio band, channels, and transmit power must comply with local regulations.

• TF 卡、GPS、音频等外设的供电能力与电平请遵循实际硬件版本，未确认前不要向 IO 引脚施加高于 3.3 V 的电平。 / For TF, GPS, audio, and other peripherals, follow the actual hardware revision for supply and logic levels. Do not apply logic levels above 3.3 V to IO pins unless explicitly verified.

14. 文档版本记录 / 14. Document Revision History

— End / 结束 —